In a video posted on Instagram later on Monday, Flávio Bolsonaro said police had told him to hand over his passports and had been banned from leaving the country.

Trump has previously shown support for Bolsonaro's father Jair, who is currently serving a 27-year prison sentence after being convicted of a coup attempt after losing the 2022 elections to Lula. Flávio Bolsonaro met Trump at the White House earlier this year to bid for his support.

Lula, who turns 81 on Tuesday, has already been president for three non-consecutive terms, serving two terms between January 2003 to December 2010, and again from January 2023.

His win makes him the first in Brazilian history to secure a fourth term, which will last until 2030.

But this has been a bitterly fought campaign and the new term - set to start on 5 January - comes amid significant constraints at home and abroad, including animosity from the US president.

Referring to what Trump has called the "Donroe Doctrine" - which seeks to establish US dominance in the Western Hemisphere - Lula used his victory speech to insist that Brazil "will not accept being anyone's backyard".

Lula has also bucked a wider trend in Latin America, where voters in countries such as Argentina, Chile and Colombia have put right-wing candidates and parties in power.

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